Replacing conventional table salt with potassium-enriched alternatives could prevent nearly four lakh deaths and more than 15 lakh new cases of cardiovascular and kidney diseases every year in India, according to a global study published in Nature Health.
The research, which assessed health outcomes across 193 countries, highlights the potential of reducing sodium consumption while increasing potassium intake through commonly used salt substitutes.
The findings suggest that a worldwide shift towards potassium-enriched salt could prevent approximately 29.6 lakh deaths and 1.017 crore new cases of cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases annually. The intervention could also significantly reduce the long-term burden of these non-communicable diseases.
Potassium-enriched salt is produced by replacing a portion of sodium chloride in regular table salt with potassium chloride. The alternative can be used for everyday cooking and is designed to retain the appearance and functionality of conventional salt.
Researchers examined different scenarios to understand the potential impact of adopting these substitutes. Replacing household table salt alone could prevent approximately 18.5 lakh deaths and 62 lakh new disease cases annually across the world.
Meanwhile, switching to potassium-enriched alternatives in processed and restaurant foods could avert another 15.6 lakh deaths and 54.6 lakh cases. Combining both approaches could deliver the greatest health benefits.
The study also highlighted the importance of managing potential risks associated with increased potassium intake. People with advanced kidney disease and those taking certain medications that raise potassium levels may face a higher risk of hyperkalaemia, a condition characterised by excessive potassium in the blood.
The researchers stressed the importance of appropriate precautions, including clear product labelling, patient awareness and medical supervision for vulnerable groups.
The findings reinforce the potential of dietary changes as a public health strategy to reduce cardiovascular and kidney disease risks.
