Antalya: Global warming, climate financing and the transition to renewable energy are expected to take centre stage as world leaders prepare to gather in Türkiye for the 31st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP31), scheduled from November 9 to 20.
According to a report published by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), global temperatures are expected to cross the 1.5°C threshold above pre-industrial levels within the next few years. This could put the Paris Agreement’s climate target at risk and increase the likelihood of extreme weather events, including droughts, floods, rising sea levels and wildfires.
The summit is expected to focus on seven key areas, including limiting global warming, implementing existing climate commitments, and strengthening international cooperation.
Countries will face pressure to translate their climate pledges into concrete measures, including reducing fossil fuel consumption, expanding renewable energy and addressing deforestation. Preparations for the Second Global Stocktake, expected to conclude in 2028, will also feature in the negotiations.
Climate financing will be another major concern, with developed nations expected to advance their commitment to mobilise at least $300 billion annually for developing countries by 2035. A broader target aims to raise $1.3 trillion annually in climate funding from public and private sources.
Discussions will also address climate adaptation, particularly protection against extreme heat, improved infrastructure and sustainable cooling solutions for vulnerable communities.
The clean energy transition will remain a priority, with greater electrification, modernised power grids and energy-efficient buildings expected to drive discussions. Türkiye is also planning the Antalya Compact for Energy Efficient Buildings.
Reducing methane emissions through improved waste management, particularly by limiting food waste in landfills, will be another important focus.
Türkiye’s Environment Minister Murat Kurum will serve as COP31 President, while Australia’s Climate Change and Energy Minister Chris Bowen will lead the official negotiations.
UNEP Climate Change Division Director Martin Krause said the conference presents an opportunity to turn international climate commitments into measurable action.
